I-Revolutionizing Biological Sampling for Airborne Pathogens

Umqondo we isampula yebhayoloji umjikelezo ibalulekile ekuqondeni ukuthi amasampula ebhayoloji, ikakhulukazi ama-microorganisms ahamba emoyeni, aqoqwa futhi ahlaziywe kanjani ku-loop eqhubekayo. Le nqubo ihlanganisa ukusebenzisa amathuluzi akhethekile aklanyelwe ukuthwebula izinhlayiya zebhayoloji ezivela endaweni ezungezile, ezibe sezicutshungulwa ukuze zinikeze imininingwane ngomthwalo we-microbial. I isampula yebhayoloji umjikelezo ibhekisela endleleni la masampula asebenza ngayo, aqoqa amasampula ngezikhathi ezithile ukuze alondoloze ukuqonda okuhambisanayo nokuphelele kwekhwalithi yomoya. Lawa masampula asetshenziswa kakhulu ezindaweni lapho kudingeka ukuqapha njalo amagciwane asemoyeni, njengezindawo zokunakekelwa kwempilo, amalabhorethri, nezitshalo ezikhiqiza ukudla. Indlela yomjikelezo kulawa masampula iqinisekisa ukuthi sonke isikhathi esibalulekile siyabanjwa, okuholela ekunembeni kwedatha okungcono nokutholwa ngesikhathi kokungcola.

I-Cycle Biological Samplers: Indlela Eqhubekayo Yokuqapha

I amasampula ebhayoloji omjikelezo yakhelwe izindawo ezidinga ukuqapha ubusuku nemini kwama-agent ebhayoloji ahamba emoyeni. Lawa masampula asebenza ngemijikelezo, eqoqa ama-aerosol ezinto eziphilayo ngezikhathi ezimisiwe. Le nqubo iqinisekisa idatha eqhubekayo nethembekile ekugxilweni kwama-microorganisms emoyeni. I amasampula ebhayoloji omjikelezo zilungele ukusetshenziswa ezindaweni ezibucayi lapho ukuba khona kwamagciwane ayingozi, amagciwane, noma isikhunta kungaholela ekungcoleni noma ezingozini zempilo. Ngokuthatha isampula komoya ngezikhathi ezithile, lawa madivaysi ahlinzeka ngolwazi olunemininingwane nolwakamuva mayelana nomthwalo we-microbial. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu ezimbonini ezifana nemithi, ukuphepha kokudla, nezilungiselelo zasesibhedlela lapho izilawuli eziqinile zekhwalithi yomoya zibalulekile ukuze kugcinwe izindinganiso zokuphepha. Idatha engaguquki eqoqwe nge amasampula ebhayoloji omjikelezo kusiza ukuvimbela ukuqubuka nokungcola ngokuhlonza ngokushesha izingozi ezingaba khona.

 Isampula Yebhaktheriya: Ukunemba Ekutholeni Amagciwane Asemoyeni

A isampula yebhaktheriya iyithuluzi elibalulekile lokuthwebula nokukhomba ngokunembile amagciwane asemoyeni. Lawa masampula aklanyelwe ukukhomba ngokuqondile izinhlayiya zebhaktheriya ezikhona emoyeni, okuzenza zibaluleke kakhulu ekugcineni izindawo ezihlanzekile emikhakheni ebucayi njengokunakekelwa kwezempilo, ucwaningo, nokukhiqizwa kokudla. I isampula yebhaktheriya isebenzisa izindlela ezihlukahlukene, ezifana ne- impaction noma filtration, ukuqoqa amasampula emoyeni. Uma selibanjiwe, amagciwane ayahlaziywa ukuze kutholwe uhlobo lwawo, ukugxilisa ingqondo kwawo, kanye nezingozi ezingaba khona. Ukusetshenziswa njalo kwe-a isampula yebhaktheriya isiza ekuhlonzeni imithombo yokungcola kanye nokuthatha izinyathelo ezisebenzayo zokuvimbela ukukhula kwamagciwane. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi okokuhlolwa okujwayelekile esibhedlela noma ukuqinisekisa ukuthotshelwa kwezindinganiso zokuphepha kwemvelo ekukhiqizweni kokudla, isampula yebhaktheriya idlala indima ebalulekile ekuvikeleni impilo yomphakathi kanye nokuqinisekisa ukuthotshelwa kwemithetho yezempilo.

I-Biological Aerosols: Ukuqonda Nokuphatha Okungcoliswa Komoya

Ama-aerosol ezinto eziphilayo ziyizinhlayiya ezincane, njengamagciwane, isikhunta, namagciwane, alenga emoyeni futhi angaba yingozi uma ehogeliwe. Ukuqonda nokuphatha lezi i-aerosol ye-biological kubalulekile ekugcineni indawo enempilo nephephile. Lezi zinhlayiya zingabangela izifo zokuphefumula, ukungezwani komzimba, noma ngisho nokuqubuka kwezifo ezindaweni ezisengozini enkulu. Ama-aerosol ezinto eziphilayo ngokuvamile aqoqwa kusetshenziswa amasampula akhethekile, angathwebula izinhlayiya emoyeni ukuze ahlaziywe okwengeziwe. Lawa masampula adlala indima ebalulekile ekutadisheni ikhwalithi yomoya kanye nokuhlonza izingozi zempilo ezingaba khona kuzo zombili izindawo zasendlini nezangaphandle. Idatha eqoqwe kusuka i-aerosol ye-biological ukusampula kusiza ochwepheshe ukuthi basebenzise izinyathelo zokuphepha ezifanele kanye nokungenelela, ukuqinisekisa ukuthi izindawo zihlala ziphephile kubasebenzi kanye nomphakathi. Ukuqapha okuqhubekayo kwe i-aerosol ye-biological kuyindlela esheshayo yokugcina impilo yomphakathi, ikakhulukazi ezikhungweni zezempilo, ezikoleni, nasezindaweni eziminyene.

I-Bacteria Sampler: Ukuvimbela Ukusabalala Kwezifo Ezisemoyeni

Indima ye- isampula yebhaktheriya ekuvimbeleni ukubhebhetheka kwezifo ezihamba emoyeni kubalulekile ezweni lanamuhla. Amabhaktheriya asemoyeni angasakazeka ngokushesha ezindaweni ezivalekile, okuholela ezifweni nasezingcupheni zezempilo. A isampula yebhaktheriya isiza ukuthwebula lawa magciwane ayingozi emoyeni, okuvumela ukutholwa okusheshayo nokungenelela okufika ngesikhathi. Ukusampula okuvamile nge-a isampula yebhaktheriya iqinisekisa ukuthi noma yimaphi amabhaktheriya ayingozi akhona endaweni ayahlonzwa ngaphambi kokuba abangele ukungcola okusabalele. Lawa masampula asetshenziswa kakhulu ezibhedlela, kumalabhorethri, nasezindaweni zomphakathi, lapho ingozi yokudluliselwa kwamagciwane iphezulu. Ngokuhlaziya amasampula aqoqwe yi- isampula yebhaktheriya, ochwepheshe bangathatha izinyathelo zokuthuthukisa ukuhlunga komoya, ukuthuthukisa ukukhucululwa kwendle, nokunciphisa ingozi yokutheleleka. Ngale ndlela, amasampula amagciwane zingamathuluzi abalulekile ekugcineni impilo yomphakathi kanye nokuqinisekisa izindawo eziphephile neziyinyumba.

Empini yokulwa namagciwane kanye nezinto ezingcolisa umoya, ukubaluleka amasampula ezinto eziphilayo ayikwazi ukweqisa. Ukuthi kuphelile isampula yebhayoloji umjikelezo, amasampula ebhayoloji omjikelezo, noma amasampula amagciwane, lawa madivayisi ahlinzeka ngedatha ebalulekile yokuqapha nokuphatha ikhwalithi yomoya. Ukuqonda i-aerosol ye-biological kanye nokusebenzisa amathuluzi amasampula afanelekile kuqinisekisa ukuthi izindawo zihlala zingenalo amagciwane ayingozi angathinta impilo yomuntu. Ngokuhlanganisa lawa masampula emisebenzini yansuku zonke, amabhizinisi, izikhungo zezempilo, nezikhungo zocwaningo zingavimbela ukungcola, zibone izingozi kusenesikhathi, futhi zigcine izindawo ezihlanzekile, eziphephile zawo wonke umuntu.